Table 2 Association between study variables and early arrival at emergency department

Age

< 60

18 (39.1)

56 (30.8)

1.44

0.74–2.8

> 60

28 (60.9)

126 (69.2)

1

Reference

Sex

Male

25 (54.3)

96 (52.7)

1.066

0.56–2.04

Female

21 (45.7)

86 (47.3)

1

Reference

Time of onset

7 am-7 pm

40 (87)

113 (62.1)

4.07

1.65–10.1

7 pm-7 am

6 (13)

69 (37.9)

1

Reference

Day of onset

Weekday

41 (89.1)

142 (78)

2.31

0.85–6.23

Holiday

5 (10.9)

40 (22)

1

Reference

Location

Home

42 (91.3)

150 (82.4)

2.24

0.75–6.6

Outside home

4 (8.7)

32 (17.6)

1

Reference

Identification of stroke

Yes

26 (56.5)

10 (5.5)

22.36

9.42–53.04

No

20 (43.5)

172 (94.5)

1

Reference

Facial palsy

Yes

33 (71.7)

61 (33.5)

5.03

2.47–10.26

No

13 (28.3)

121 (66.5)

1

Reference

Visual disturbances

Yes

3 (6.55)

20 (11)

0.563

0.16–1.99

No

43 (93.45)

162 (89)

1

Reference

Limb weakness

Yes

32 (69.6)

122 (67)

1.124

0.56–2.26

No

14 (30.4)

60 (33)

1

Reference

Speech disturbances

Yes

37 (80.4)

116 (63.7)

2.34

1.06–5.1

No

9 (19.6)

66 (36.3)

1

Reference

Sensory

Yes

1 (2.2)

10 (5.5)

0.382

0.05–3.06

No

45 (97.8)

172 (94.5)

1

Reference

Headache

Yes

10 (21.7)

29 (15.9)

1.46

0.65–3.27

No

36 (78.3)

153 (84.1)

1

Reference

Unconsciousness

Yes

3 (6.5)

31 (17)

0.34

0.1–1.1

No

43 (93.5)

151 (83)

1

Reference

Response of symptoms

Rush to emergency

29 (63)

67 (36.8)

2.93

1.5–5.7

Wait for symptoms to subside

17 (37)

115 (63.2)

1

Reference

Awareness of stroke treatment

Yes

25 (54.3)

19 (10.4)

10.21

4.8–21.6

No

21 (45.7)

163 (89.6)

1

Reference

Presentation to ER

Direct

33 (71.7)

68 (37.4)

4.2

2.09–8.66

Referral

13 (28.3)

114 (62.6)

1

Reference

Transportation

Ambulance

19 (41.3)

51 (28)

1.8

0.92–3.5

Others

27 (28.7)

131 (72)

1

Reference

Traffic jam

Present

10 (21.7)

97 (53.3)

0.243

0.11–0.52

Not present

36 (78.3)

85 (46.7)

1

Reference

Distance from hospital

< 20 KM

34 (73.9)

48 (26.4)

7.9

3.8–16.5

> 20 KM

12 (26.1)

134 (73.6)

1

Reference

Education

Above high school

16 (34.8)

18 (9.9)

4.85

2.2–10.5

Below high school

30 (65.2)

164 (90.1)

1

Reference

Income

<  1 lacks per annum

32 (69.6)

90 (49.5)

0.42

0.21–0.85

>  1 lacks per annum

14 (30.4)

92 (50.5)

1

Reference

Hypertension

Yes

29 (63)

99 (54.4)

1.43

0.73–2.7

No

17 (37)

83 (45.6)

1

Reference

Diabetes mellitus

Yes

3 (6.5)

37 (20.3)

0.273

0.08–0.9

No

43 (93.5)

145 (79.7)

1

Reference

Smoking

Yes

11 (23.9)

55 (30.2)

0.72

0.35–1.5

No

35 (76.1)

127 (69.8)

1

Reference

Alcohol consumption

Yes

15 (32.6)

47 (25.8)

1.4

0.7–2.8

No

31 (63.4)

135 (74.2)

1

Reference

Coronary arterial disease

Yes

5 (10.9)

16 (8.8)

1.26

0.43–3.6

No

41 (89.1)

166 (91.2)

1

Reference

History of stroke

Present

9 (19.6)

18 (9.9)

2.21

0.92–5.3

Not present

37 (80.4)

164 (90.1)

1

Reference

Baseline score at admission (mean ± SD)

mRS

3.02 ± 1.42

3.36 ± 1.37

NA

NA

NIHSS

7.58 ± 3.87

8.06 ± 5.26

NA

NA