Table 3 Association of caregiver and patient characteristics with rehospitalization 3–12 months post-stroke
From: Dyadic approach to post-stroke hospitalizations: role of caregiver and patient characteristics
| Â | Reference category (if applicable) | IRR (95% CI) | P-value | aIRRa (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CAREGIVER FACTORS | |||||
 Age (in years) |  | 0.983 (0.968, 0.998) | 0.028 |  |  |
 Gender | Male | 1.043 (0.640¸ 1.698) | 0.866 |  |  |
 Ethnicity | Non-Chinese | 0.792 (0.525, 1.195) | 0.266 |  |  |
 Marital Status | Single | 0.649 (0.414, 1.017) | 0.059 |  |  |
 Caregiver relationship | Spouse |  | <0.001 |  | 0.032 |
 Child |  | 2.957 (1.906, 4.588) | 2.896 (1.399, 5.992) | ||
 Sibling |  | 1.368 (0.420, 4.453) | 0.952 (0.193, 4.687) | ||
 Others |  | 1.609 (0.676, 3.832) | 1.435 (0.416, 4.953) | ||
 Comorbid Conditions | None |  | <0.001 |  |  |
  1 |  | 0.842 (0.480, 1.477) |  | ||
  2 |  | 2.500 (1.491, 4.193) |  | ||
  ≥ 3 |  | 0.545 (0.197, 1.509) |  | ||
 Co-residing with patient | No | 0.841 (0.458, 1.544) | 0.576 |  |  |
 Caring for multiple care recipients | No | 1.726 (1.142, 2.608) | 0.010 |  |  |
 Memory problems |  | 1.026 (0.995, 1.058) | 0.106 |  |  |
 Depressive behavior problems |  | 1.026 (0.989, 1.065) | 0.173 |  |  |
 Disruptive behavior problems |  | 0.999 (0.944, 1.058) | 0.986 |  |  |
 Oberst Caregiving Burden Scale |  | 1.021 (1.006, 1.036) | 0.006 |  |  |
 Zarit Burden Interview |  | 1.024 (1.001, 1.048) | 0.039 | 1.038 (1.002, 1.076) | 0.040 |
 Family conflict - Attitude towards patient |  | 0.966 (0.923, 1.010) | 0.126 |  |  |
 Family conflict - Attitude towards caregiver |  | 0.975 (0.931, 1.020) | 0.271 |  |  |
 Social support - FDW for general help | No | 0.469 (0.303, 0.726) | 0.001 |  |  |
 Social support - FDW for stroke patient | No | 2.703 (1.715, 4.260) | <0.001 |  |  |
 Social Support (perceived) |  | 1.016 (0.973, 1.060) | 0.478 |  |  |
 Care management strategies - Positive |  | 1.017 (0.998, 1.037) | 0.085 |  |  |
 Care management strategies - Negative |  | 0.980 (0.934, 1.028) | 0.408 |  |  |
PATIENT FACTORS | |||||
 Age (in years) |  | 1.026 (1.006, 1.046) | 0.010 |  |  |
 Gender | Male | 1.624 (1.076, 2.451) | 0.021 |  |  |
 Ethnicity | Non-Chinese | 0.703 (0.466, 1.060) | 0.092 |  |  |
 Marital Status | Single | 0.984 (0.588, 1.649) | 0.952 |  |  |
 Ward Class | Unsubsidized | 0.491 (0.278, 0.869) | 0.014 |  |  |
 CCI (during stroke onset) | 1–3 |  | 0.004 |  |  |
  4–6 |  | 1.049 (0.588, 1.870) |  | ||
  ≥ 7 |  | 2.229 (1.186, 4.189) |  | ||
 Stroke type | Non-ischemic | 1.035 (0.536, 1.996) | 0.919 |  |  |
 Recurrent stroke | No | 1.625 (1.005, 2.625) | 0.047 |  |  |
 National Institute of Health Scale | Mild (0–4) |  | 0.177 |  |  |
 Moderately severe (5–14) |  | 1.325 (0.861, 2.039) |  | ||
 Severe (15–24) |  | 1.883 (0.887, 4.000) |  | ||
 Modified Rankin Scale | No or slight disability (0–2) |  |  |  |  |
 Moderate or severe disability (3–5) |  | 2.318 (1.423, 3.775) | 0.001 |  |  |
 Mini-Mental State Examination | No cognitive impairment (24–30) |  |  |  |  |
 Mild cognitive impairment (18–23) |  | 2.728 (1.704, 4.365) |  | ||
  Severe cognitive impairment (1–17) |  | 2.144 (1.236, 3.717) |  | ||
 Discharge to Community Hospital (step-down facility) | No | 1.374 (0.884, 2.136) | 0.157 |  |  |
 Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale |  | 1.040 (1.007, 1.074) | 0.017 |  |  |