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Table 1 Patient characteristics, comorbidities, health system and clinical process-related factors for the risk of hospital readmission ≤31 days

From: Risk factors associated with 31-day unplanned readmission in 50,912 discharged patients after stroke in China

Factor

Readmitted ≤ 31 days (N = 14,664)

Readmitted>31 days (N = 36,248)

Total (N = 50,912)

P-Value

n(%)

n(%)

n(%)

Patient characteristics

Principal discharge diagnosis

< 0.001

 I61Haemorrhagic stroke

3144(21.4)

4097(11.3)

7241(14.2)

 

 I63 Ischemic stroke

11,520(78.6)

32,151(88.7)

43,671(85.8)

 

Sex - women

5392(36.8)

13,842(38.2)

19,234(37.8)

0.003

Age (years)

< 0.001

 18–49

1545(10.5)

2625(7.2)

4170(8.2)

 

 50–59

2837(19.4)

6191(17.1)

9028(17.7)

 

 60–69

3911(26.7)

10,384(28.7)

14,295(28.1)

 

 70–79

3735(25.5)

10,519(29.0)

14,254(28.0)

 

 80 and above

2636(18.0)

6529(18.0)

9165(18.0)

 

Occupation

< 0.001

 Manager and staff

1260(8.6)

2621(7.2)

3881(7.6)

 

 Manufacturing worker

920(6.3)

3230(8.9)

4150(8.2)

 

 Farmer

1571(10.7)

4577(12.6)

6148(12.1)

 

 Self-employed

308(2.1)

571(1.6)

879(1.7)

 

 Retiree

8655(59.0)

21,544(59.4)

30,199(59.3)

 

 Others

1950(13.3)

3705(10.2)

5655(11.1)

 

Marital status

0.005

 Single / widow/ divorce/other

1674(11.4)

4465(12.3)

6139(12.1)

 

 Married

12,990(88.6)

31,783(87.7)

44,773(87.9)

 

Medical expense payers

< 0.001

 Self-paying medical service

2121(14.5)

3121(8.6)

5242(10.3)

 

 Urban employee basic medical insurance

8750(59.7)

22,915(63.2)

31,665(62.2)

 

 Urban resident basic medical insurance

1547(10.6)

4400(12.1)

5947(11.7)

 

 New rural cooperative medical scheme

1598(10.9)

4250(11.7)

5848(11.5)

 

 Medical financial assistance fund for the poor

64(0.4)

230(0.6)

294(0.6)

 

 Commercial medical insurance

93(0.6)

268(0.7)

361(0.7)

 

 Free medical service

390(2.7)

718(2.0)

1108(2.2)

 

 Other social insurance

101(0.7)

346(0.95)

447(0.9)

 

Comorbidities

Hypertension - yes

9339(63.7)

22,200(61.2)

31,539(62.0)

< 0.001

Diabetes - yes

4087(27.9)

9568(26.4)

13,655(26.9)

0.001

Dyslipidemia - yes

2003(13.7)

5079(14.0)

7082(13.9)

0.298

Heart disease - yes*

4373(29.8)

10,889(30.0)

15,262(30.0)

0.625

Health system and clinical processes

Level of hospital -tertiary hospital

13,944(95.1)

33,689(93.0)

47,633(93. 6)

< 0.001

Type of hospital

< 0.001

 Western medicine (WM) hospital

106(0.8)

409(1.1)

515(1.0)

 

 TCM hospital

13,491(92.0)

32,793(90.5)

46,284(90.9)

 

 TCM-WM hospital

976(6.7)

2826(7.8)

3802(7.5)

 

 Ethnic minority hospital

91(0.6)

220(0.6)

311(0.6)

 

Admission route

< 0.001

 Emergency

4592(31.3)

11,937(33.0)

16,529(32.5)

 

 Outpatient

9541(65.1)

22,420(61.9)

31,961(62.8)

 

 Others (such as Transferred from other hospitals)

531(3.6)

1891(5.2)

2422(4.8)

 

Length of hospital stay (days)

< 0.001

 1–7

2094(14.3)

2531(7.0)

4625(9.1)

 

 8–14

5432(37.0)

14,163(39.1)

19,595(38.5)

 

 15–21

4387(29.9)

10,250(28.3)

14,637(28.8)

 

 22–28

1982(13.5)

3699(10.2)

5681(11.2)

 

 29 and above

769(5.2)

5605(15.5)

6374(12.5)

 

Use of clinical pathways** - yes

4707(32.1)

10,664(29.4)

15,371(30.2)

< 0.001

Surgical treatment - yes

705(4.8)

1794(5.0)

2499(4.9)

0.503

Use TCM treatment - yes

13,224(90.2)

31,560(87.1)

44,784(88.0)

< 0.001

Type of discharge

0.033

 Leave or transfer with doctor’s advice

14,100(96.2)

34,994(96.5)

49,094(96.4)

 

 Others***

564(3.8)

1254(3.5)

1818(3.6)

 
  1. *Heart disease includes coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, arrhythmia, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and myocardial infarction
  2. **In terms of hospitals, 69.6% of hospitals used clinical pathways
  3. ***Others include patients discharged without doctor’s advice and those deceased