From: Effects of clobazam for treatment of refractory status epilepticus
Variable | Total cohort (n = 70) | Treated with CLB (n = 24) | Not treated with CLB (n = 46) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | ||||
Gender, female | 47 (67.1) | 16 (66.7) | 31 (67.4) | 0.951b |
Age on admission, y | 70 (49–78) | 64 (52–72) | 73 (45–80) | 0.225d |
Age ≥ 65 y | 41 (58.6) | 11 (45.8) | 30 (65.2) | 0.118b |
Premorbid mRS | 3 (1–4) | 4 (1–4) | 3 (1–4) | 0.694d |
RSE characteristics | ||||
NCSE in coma | 9 (12.9) | 4 (16.7) | 5 (10.9) | 0.481c |
Generalized convulsive SE | 31 (44.3) | 8 (33.3) | 23 (50.0) | 0.183b |
Complex-partial SE | 30 (42.9) | 12 (50.0) | 18 (39.1) | 0.383b |
Stuporous or comatose | 44 (62.9) | 16 (66.7) | 28 (60.9) | 0.634b |
Acute symptomatic etiology | 31 (44.3) | 10 (41.7) | 21 (45.7) | 0.750b |
History of seizures | 37 (52.9) | 10 (41.7) | 27 (58.7) | 0.175b |
Potentially fatal etiology | 31 (44.3) | 11 (45.8) | 20 (43.5) | 0.851b |
STESS | 3 (2–4) | 3 (1–4) | 3 (2–4) | 0.550d |
STESS ≥ 3 | 42 (60.0) | 15 (62.5) | 27 (58.7) | 0.758b |
Laboratory findings on admission | ||||
Leukocyte count, ×103/μl | 9.4 (7.4–12.5) | 8.5 (6.3–12.0) | 10.1 (7.8–12.9) | 0.197d |
C-reactive protein, mg/l | 15.7 (3.6–53.0) | 18.0 (4.2–56.2) | 8.3 (3.2–40.3) | 0.273d |
Hemoglobin, g/dl | 11.7 (1.7) | 11.2 (1.6) | 11.9 (1.8) | 0.110e |
Serum sodium, mmol/l | 136.9 (7.2) | 136.5 (7.3) | 137.2 (7.3) | 0.704e |
Treatment and complications | ||||
Duration of RSE, d | 9 (4–17) | 16 (8–32) | 8 (4–14) | 0.003 d |
Length of hospital stay, d | 18 (10–30) | 29 (13–61) | 18 (10–29) | 0.071 d |
Mechanical ventilation | 44 (62.9) | 13 (54.2) | 31 (67.4) | 0.277b |
Length of mechanical ventilation, d | 3 (0–16) | 6 (0–43) | 6 (0–15) | 0.459d |
Use of anesthetics | 43 (61.4) | 11 (45.8) | 32 (69.6) | 0.053 b |
Induction of burst suppression | 28 (40.0) | 11 (45.8) | 17 (37.0) | 0.472b |
Number of AEDs | 6 (5–8) | 7 (5–11) | 6 (5–8) | 0.028 d |
Use of vasopressors | 40 (57.1) | 13 (54.2) | 27 (58.7) | 0.716b |
Sepsis | 19 (27.1) | 8 (33.3) | 11 (23.9) | 0.400b |
Outcome | ||||
RSE terminated | 57 (81.4) | 20 (83.3) | 37 (80.4) | 1.000c |
Poor outcome at follow-upa | 41 (60.3) | 18 (78.3) | 23 (51.1) | 0.030 b |
In-hospital mortality | 12 (17.1) | 4 (16.7) | 8 (17.4) | 1.000c |