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Table 1 Differential brain activation of words and errors: Activation elicited by correct word-retrieval was compared to semantic paraphasias (words > semantic errors) and neologisms (words > neologisms). Furthermore, we compared activation elicited by erroneous responses (before therapy) to the same stimuli that were named correctly after therapy (correct trials > former errors; all contrasts: cluster threshold p < .05, k>50, FWE-corrected; voxel threshold p < .01, uncorrected).

From: Brain regions essential for improved lexical access in an aged aphasic patient: a case report

 

Hemi

Regions

BA

Z

k

x

y

z

Words > Neologisms

R

Inferior frontal

47

4.74

1635

42

28

-19

   

45

4.51

 

59

19

21

  

Middle frontal

46

4.19

 

50

42

20

 

L

Frontal (precentral)

6

4.01

499

-50

-3

47

 

L

Superior frontal

9

4.00

466

-21

43

39

Words > Semantic Errors

L

Frontal (precentral)

4

3.81

995

-50

-4

44

 

R

Inferior frontal

45

3.78

629

59

18

18

Correct Trials > Former Errors (T2> T1)

R

Putamen

 

4.31

562

30

-14

9

 

L

Putamen

 

4.24

 

27

-9

-7

 

R

Thalamus

 

3.94

 

9

-17

1

 

R

Inferior frontal*

47

4.11

437

42

28

-17

  

Middle frontal

11

4.08

 

27

37

-17

  

Limbic (anterior cingulate)

24

3.92

 

9

32

1

  1. Hemi = Hemisphere; R = right, L = left; BA = Brodman Area; k = cluster extent; x/y/z = coordinates according to Talairach and Tournoux [36], Z = z-scores of significant voxels within significant clusters are reported (p < .01, k>50, corrected).
  2. * The right IFG activation for the contrast correct trials > former errors (42,28,-17) differs with regard to localization to that from the contrast words vs. semantic errors, while the localization of the IFG related activation of this contrast and the contrast words vs. neologisms almost match perfectly. This might be explained by the fact that the first contrast includes 7 neologisms (and 3 sematic paraphasias) that may "dominate" the activation pattern.