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Table 1 Studies included in meta-analysis

From: Systematic review and meta-analysis of the duration of clinical effect of onabotulinumtoxinA in cervical dystonia

First author, year

Study type

No. of patients

Mean onabotA dose/injection

Duration of effect

Definition of duration

Country of origin

Mean (±SD) units

Mean (±SD)

Benecke 2005 [17]

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, noninferiority study

232

138.9 ± 46.8

94.3 ± 31.4 days

Interval between injection and first visit at which TWSTRS severity score reached 80% of baseline

Ex-US

Bihari 2005 [6]

Prospective, single-arm, crossover study

12a

131

64.3 days

Time to reach 70% TWSTRS score

Ex-US

Brashear 2005 [3]

Retrospective

172b

241.80-254.07

108.48 days (year 1)

Interval between treatments

US

Brashear 2000 [25]

Retrospective

60

263

15.5 ± 3.4 weeks

Interval between visits

US

Brashear 1998 [27]

Prospective, single-center study

149c

219.8 ± 63.5

142.9 ± 85.8 days

Average time between treatments

US

Brin 2008 [29]

Prospective, open-label, multicenter study

326

187.0 ± 76.5

110.2 ± 91.8 days

Time from treatment injection to date of next injection

US/Ex-US

Brockmann 2012 [24]

Retrospective

20

175 ± 76

10.7 ± 1.9 weeks

Time between last treatment and first subjective notice of reduction of benefit from the treatment

Ex-US

Camargo 2008 [18]

Prospective, single-center study

85

151.05 ± 52.55

89.1 ± 21.8 days

Patient-reported time to return of symptoms

Ex-US

Dubinsky 1991 [28]

Prospective cohort

84

269 ± 39

107 ± 49 days

Time from initial injection until patient-reported worsening of symptoms

US

Jankovic 2003 [19]

Prospective, single-center study

119

223.9 ± 73.0

14.6 ± 5.6 weeks

Not specified

US

Jankovic 1990 [26]

Prospective cohort

205

105.4 ± 33.8

14.0 ± 6.9 weeks

Duration of peak effect

US

Maia 2010 [20]

Retrospective

67

204.79

13.01 weeks

Duration which patient had any benefit from treatment

Ex-US

Meija 2005 [21]

Retrospective

16d

221.2 ± 129.4

15.4 ± 3.4 weeks

Not specified

US

Mohammadi 2009 [7]

Prospective cohort

44

145 ± 44

10 ± 2.4 weeks

Not specified

Ex-US

Naumann 2002 [8]

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study

59

155 ± 51

13.9 ± 2.6 weeks

Time to TWSTRS severity score ≥10 and rotational score ≥1

Ex-US

68

157 ± 44

13.6 ± 2.4 weeks

Odergren 1998 [22]

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study

35

152 ± 45

80.7 ± 14.4 days

Time to retreatment

Ex-US

Quagliato 2010 [30]

Prospective, randomized, double-blind study

12e

NR

11.7 ± 3.4 weeks

Interval between day of treatment and patient-reported waning effect

Ex-US

Ranoux 2002 [23]

Prospective, randomized, double-blind, crossover study

51

104.4 ± 20.6

89.1 ± 19 days

Interval between day of treatment and patient-reported waning of effect

Ex-US

  1. a48 total patients; only 12 had CD. bCase report forms. c156 total patients; 149 had idiopathic CD. d45 total patients; 16 had CD. e24 total patients; 12 received onabotulinumtoxinA.
  2. Abbreviations: NR not reported, onabotA onabotulinumtoxinA, TWSTRS Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale.